Method of making gas-purifying agents.



Urrrrnn STATES )ATENT HENRY SPENCER llLACKMOllE, Oi MOUNT VERNON, NE? YORK.

METHOD F lJlAKlNG GAS-PURlFYlhlG AGENTS.

SIQEUIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 697,931, dated Aprillfa, 1902.

Application filed February 16,1901. Serial No, 47,878. (lie specimens.)

To nil [ch/r 22 it iii/fry conceive.-

Be it known thatLHENRY SPENCER Union MORE, a citizen of the United States, residing at 200 South N'nth avenue, Mount Vernon, in the county of Wcstchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovemenis in Processes of Prod no- 0f readily absorbing or combining with the sulfur contaminaiions in less time and at a reduced cost'as compared with processes employed hitherto.

In carrying out myinvcntion I take, for example, hematite, pulverizo the same, and thoroughly mix it with pulverized quicklime.

The mixture is then gradually moistened with water, when a reaction takes place, the heat generated by the slal-zing of the lime or greater all? city of the calcium oxid for water assisting in the hydration of the iron oxid in the hematite, while at the same time any silicious contamination of the ferruginous mineralwill be removed by combination with the lime, and the iron oxid thus hydrated eventually combines readily with any excess of slaked lime, producing calcium ferrite which when dry is pulverized and in a condi'tion for use: directly, the mass being of a more or less porous condition, thus allowing the sulfur contaminations of gas brought in contact with it to be readily absorbed.

The reaction which takes place in the l rcatment of hematite and limonite with calcium oxid and water may be illustrated by the following equation:

This shows the transforming and hydrating act on of the calcium oxid and water on the contained iron oxid in the mineral. The heat liberated by the slaking of the lime causes the excess of the iron oxid to be disintegrated and become hydrated, thus:

v Fc O +3lI OFc (Oll) it is seen, therefore, that the product really is a mixture of calcium ferrite and ferric hydroxid, (hydrate) It is well known that iron oxids, especially in a heated condition, can be and are cur-- plbyed'as purifying agents for ill uminatinggas, as is also metallic iron in the form of iron-turnings, and it is also well known that quicklime, such as shell-lime, can be readily employed for similar purposes; but all attempts to utilize the dense non-porous minerals, such as hematite am". limonite, have proven failures, for the reason of its n'onporous or vitreous condition butl have found by my improved process of treatment I am able totransform the dense minerals hitherto incapable of being employed for the purpose of purifying gas into a valuable and cfficicnt composition. I can also transform the more or less solid or vitreous iron cinder obtained a residue in burningiron pyrites in the manufacture of sulfuric acid into a hydrated and porous composition capable of being employed for the separation of sulfurous compounds from'gascs by treating the pulverized cinder with quicklime and waterafter the same manner as described in the treatment of hematite.

I have found it of advantage in some cases to mix the fcrruginous compound with quicklime and pulverize them together simultaneously, by which means I am enabled to obtain the productin a thoroughly-mixed condition. 7

The mixture of quicklime and a ferruginous compound should be treated with water as soon as possible after the mixture, and thus prevent decomposition of the lime by the action of carbon dioxid in the transformation, which retards the combination to a more orless degree.

I can also employ any mineral containing iron as principal constituent, such as iron suliid, in place of the hematite aforementioned so lomg as the elcctroncgativc consiitucntofthc mincralcmploycd has a greater aulli i is transformed into iron oxid with the proilrietion of calcium sulfid, which may ho W&F5[d-Gll and the product UGft'tfijfil'fili o w excess of lime and water, as witlit'fie irentmeat of hematite before described;

By the following claims Lintonclto inoiaxdo all fermginous compounds capable or. being" t 'zwsformed from adens'o or vitreous nature not capable of employment as gas-purifying ztgentsjmto a porous or hydrated. coaiitiofi "which gftll be so usoii by the aotionof oxid eetpablo of libomt'ing heat in the gbresence of Water and exposing the mixtu'ro to the station of water.

Some of the ores which may be employed may be DOtBtlzLS magnetite containing" iron sulfid, phosphorus, titanium; or other oo1- tamination which maybe present in such proportion as to preclude its application mat: teriztl from which iron 0P steel of commercial value can be produced, the action of calcium oxid and water on which trsmsforms them into com (mods; ca mole of om lovmont as Y J gaspurifying agents. Any other mineral or mnpouml containing iron principal contituent oi vltroous,non-porous, or insoluble nature ay be employed Without fiepmting from the spirit of my iovozition. 6

Tho term "f insoluble as omployefi throughout this spcifioatlon and claims relates to oompoundl-swhich mo pz'a ctically insol u'olein water.

it will be noted thatthfa material employed for transformation by tlio combined action 0? calcium oxid and water has i' oa as principal constituent or iron oxid as pa'inoipatl ingreclient, the material being also oi refractory nature.

I am aware that GIt&lE1} m-ln$32 is, Such as cryolite containing iron oompomxd ao a- 391 tamination in small pes'oontage, vs noon exposad to the combined action of mo and water for the purpose of transforming the larger congtituents tlxeraok-z'. 6., fiuoz'ial of aluminiumand oodiuminto oofii'am aluminate ancl o'aloium fiuorid; but in this cats it wa not the object to transform donors, vitzo swam 0535}, r refgztffiaooy izion contamination into a, pofollshydratfioomfition, as perforate 6a my process. ltjogm also be semioat was no action on the iron oonstituofit ontil afterztll the larger and less stablo com-J ition for use in purifying gas which sons? .3 is: oxpo$- ing demo or vitreous iron ore action of metallic oxid and Water capable of liberatiag heat in tho Laixtmo by ollemioal I'Gfifillfl'fl.

2. The process of makingcomposition for use in pm'ifying gas which oozlsigts l1: exposing a Water-insoluble compound, containing .iron agprinoipal oosstituon', the action of caloiizgn oxid atnfi Water.

promos of makisgz oompooition for nso ii: purifying gas which oonsistsgin oicpooa broken or oommimated compo: on, in.- solulolo ill water, izontaining; iron oxiu primaoipz zl iagrefilent, to the action (:tlel llm 02:16. and Wator.

The proooss of making oompoaitiotm for use in purifying whioli consists in pulvea fixing hematite, mixing the with pulvorize calcium oxkl, and to otion Wotan V v a 5. The proooss making aazo use purifying which oo m i'e'l'motoiy ore ooxztainin 1, oomoinofi. action of caifliam 6, The promo-5s of mo 'ag'ooosn osztm use in purifying Wino-l1 cons? ing mfmotoyy oompounl conizzmii 5 :ironafis principal constituent, to the action of oazci um @2 15. and water.

in tezetimony "wlmveof J. z 22:3 oignatmo in psesonoo v0 Witnos Emil?! SlEltGEl-t BLACK BEGKE.

"Wituessos:

WARREN (J. STQNE, H. N. JENKINS. 

